It was signed in #Turkey.. These are the details of the #Ukrainian grain export agreement #bitcoin

Russia, Ukraine and Turkey, a member of NATO and the United Nations, signed a landmark agreement on Friday to lift a blockade of Ukraine's grain and fertilizer exports from Black Sea ports in order to help ease a growing global food crisis made worse by Russia's war on its western neighbor.
The following are the details of the Black Sea initiative led by the United Nations, according to what senior officials in the International Organization of Journalists said, according to what was reported by "Reuters".
Target 5 million metric tons each month

The five-month-old war has halted Ukrainian sea shipments and caused grain prices to rise sharply.

The agreement aims to help avert famine by pumping more wheat, sunflower oil, fertilizer and other products into global markets, including to meet humanitarian relief needs at partly cheap prices.

The initiative also aims to return to the pre-war level of exporting five million metric tons each month.

The World Food Program says about 37 million people have reached a stage of "extreme hunger" due to the consequences of the war.
Ukraine needs to empty its silos before next season, while increased fertilizer exports will avoid lower global productivity in the upcoming agricultural seasons.

The United Nations and Russia also signed a memorandum of understanding obligating the international organization to facilitate the unhindered access of fertilizers and other Russian products to global markets. "The aim of these agreements is to provide some kind of pain relief to the world's poor," a UN official said.
Time frame 120 days

The agreement is valid for 120 days, and the United Nations expects to renew it unless the war ends by that date. Work will begin immediately to form inspection teams and assign workers to the Joint Coordination Center (JCC) in Istanbul, which will be supervised by members of all four signatories to the agreement.

Ukrainian ports also require about ten days to prepare, so it will take a few weeks before ships move in and out. "We are looking forward to a very fast implementation rate," the official said.

Negotiations began in April when UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres raised the idea during separate meetings with Russian President Vladimir Putin and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky.
safe passage

The agreement guarantees safe passage to and from Odessa and two other Ukrainian ports in what the official called a "de facto ceasefire" that applies to ships and facilities covered by the agreement.

Although Ukraine mined the waters near it in the context of self-defence, there is no need to clear mines, because Ukrainian pilots will direct the ships to safe channels in Ukrainian territorial waters. A minesweeper will be on hand if the need arises, but the ships will not be escorted by military personnel.

After that, the ships that will be tracked by the Joint Coordination Center in the Black Sea will sail to the Turkish Bosphorus Strait and from there to international markets.

All parties agreed that there would be no attacks on these entities. The official, without going into details, said that if prohibited activity appeared, it would be the duty of the Joint Coordination Center to "find a solution to it."
Joint Coordination Center

The Joint Coordination Center, based in Istanbul on the Bosphorus, tracks the movements of all ships and inspections and determines whether, for example, a ship has deviated from agreed channels in the Black Sea.

The center's staff will also be officials from the United Nations and possibly military officials from the three countries involved. The Joint Coordination Center is the "beating heart of the operation", in the words of the UN official.
- Searching operations

In response to Moscow's concerns about ships transferring weapons to Ukraine, all returning ships will be inspected at a Turkish port, and the inspection will be carried out by a team from the four parties to the agreement, and supervised by the Joint Coordination Center. The teams will board the ships and check their shipments before allowing them to return to Ukraine.

- Insurance

To allay the concerns of the ship insurers, the United Nations spent more than two months negotiating with the sector to confirm that the plan had a commercial return and that it would not be a reason to impose compensation as punitive measures.

The International Maritime Organization is encouraging the private sector to play a role in implementing the agreement, and Western governments have issued statements saying companies will not run into trouble with sanctions against Moscow.

"The clarifications issued by the United States and the European Union (in this regard) are very important for the private sector," a second UN official said.
25 million tons

It is noteworthy that food prices have risen dramatically in the world since the Russian military operation in Ukraine, one of the largest exporters of grain, and this crisis affected especially the poorest countries.

The two sides reached an agreement under the auspices of the United Nations, enabling Ukraine to export 25 million tons within 4 months, according to what the European Union confirmed on Friday.